The Evolution Of Man Scientifically Disproved
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William A. Williams >> The Evolution Of Man Scientifically Disproved
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THE EVOLUTION OF MAN SCIENTIFICALLY DISPROVED
IN 50 ARGUMENTS
By
REV. WILLIAM A. WILLIAMS, D.D.
Designed (1) As an up-to-date text book, and a companion to all other
text books on evolution; and
(2) As an antidote to books in libraries teaching evolution,
infidelity and atheism; and
(3) As an aid to all students, parents, teachers, ministers, lawyers,
doctors, and all other lovers of the truth.
THE EVOLUTION OF MAN MATHEMATICALLY DISPROVED
INTRODUCTION
Let it be understood, at the outset, that every proved theory of
science is to be accepted. Only the most intense prejudice and the
maddest folly would lead any one to reject the proved conclusions of
science. Moreover, we should examine any new hypothesis with open
minds, to see if it has in it anything truthful, helpful or
advantageous. It should neither be accepted nor rejected simply
because it is new. But if a theory is evidently or probably untrue, or
pernicious, or at all harmful, it is to be rejected and condemned.
Some facts and objections are herein submitted to the serious seeker
after truth, in the hope that a theory so out of harmony with the
facts, and so destructive to the faith and the cherished hopes of man,
may be completely discarded. As Evolution can not stand the acid test
of mathematics, it will be repudiated by all.
We shall discuss the theory upon its merits, from a scientific
standpoint, and will also demand an explanation of all facts
concerned, as we have a right to do, even where they are associated
with the theological and the spiritual as well as the material. We do
not oppose true science but "science falsely so called." We do not ban
research, but will not allow the wild vagaries of the imagination to
pass as truth.
We shall not declare arbitrarily that evolution is untrue; neither
will we allow scientists to decide what we shall believe. But we shall
appeal to the facts, and evolution must stand or fall by the
evidence. "Evolution is not to be accepted until proved." It is not
yet proved and never will be.
MATHEMATICS THE ACID TEST.
Every theory to which mathematics can be applied will be proved or
disproved by this acid test. Figures will not lie, and mathematics
will not lie even at the demand of liars. Their testimony is as clear
as the mind of God. Gravitation is proved a true theory by numerous
calculations, some of them the most abstruse. The Copernican theory is
proved true, and the Ptolemaic theory false, by mathematical
calculations. The calculations, leading to the discovery of Neptune,
went far to establish the Copernican theory as well as the law of
gravitation, and to disprove the Ptolemaic theory. The evolution
theory, especially as applied to man, likewise is disproved by
mathematics. The proof is overwhelming and decisive. Thus God makes
the noble science of mathematics bear testimony in favor of the true
theories and against the false theories. We shall endeavor to marshal
some of the mathematical proofs against the false and pernicious
theory of evolution. True theories, such as the gravitation and
Copernican theories, harmonize with each other as every branch of
mathematics harmonizes with every other. If evolution were true, it
would harmonize with all other true theories, rather than with so many
false theories.
THEORIES OF EVOLUTION
Evolution in one sense, means growth or development,--literally,
unrolling or unfolding. It is difficult to give a clear definition
that will apply to each of the various theories that are held.
Theories differ vastly in the extent of their application, as held by
their various advocates, resulting in great confusion of terms:--
1. The atheists believe that there is no God. Hence, matter was not
created, but was eternal, or came by chance. Only a mere handful of
the whole human race have ever yet believed such an untenable
doctrine. The existence of a Creator, is doubted or denied by extreme
atheistic evolutionists, who would dethrone God, "exalt the monkey,
and degrade man."
2. The first of modern scientific men to adopt the theory that all
plants and animals, including man, are developed from certain original
simple germs, was Lamarck, a French naturalist, in 1809. He conceded
that God created matter,--nothing more. He believed in spontaneous
generation, which scientific investigation has utterly disproved.
3. Darwin goes a step further and concedes there may have been a
Creator of matter, and of one, or at most, a few germs, from which all
vegetation and all animals came by evolution,--all orders, classes,
families, genera, species, and varieties. He differs from Lamarck, by
allowing the creation of one germ, possibly a few more. He says in his
"Origin of Species," "I believe that animals are descended from at
most only four or five progenitors; and plants from an equal or lesser
number.... Analogy would lead me one step further, namely, to the
belief that all animals and plants are descended from one
prototype.... All the organic beings, which have ever lived on the
earth, may be descended from some _one_ primordial form." Darwin,
because of his great scholarship, fairness, and candor, won for his
theory more favor than it inherently deserves. Darwin taught that,
"The lower impulses of vegetable life pass, by insensible gradations,
into the instinct of animals and the higher intelligence of man,"
without purpose or design. None of these three hypotheses can admit
the creation of man.
4. Other evolutionists, believing in the evolution of both plants and
animals, nevertheless refuse to believe in the evolution of man--the
most baneful application of the whole theory. Even if there were
convincing proof of the evolution of plants and animals from one germ,
there is no real proof of the evolution of man. To prove this is the
chief purpose of this book.
5. A fifth theory of evolution is held by many. It is called
polyphyletic evolution, which means that God created numerous stocks,
or beginnings of both plant and animal life, which were subject to
change and growth, deterioration and development, according to his
plan and purpose. So much of evolution in this sense as can be proved,
is in harmony with the Bible account of the creation of plants,
animals and man. The false theory of evolution is called the
monophyletic, which teaches that all species of plants and animals
including man, developed from one cell or germ which came by creation
or spontaneous generation. Evolution is used throughout this book in
this latter sense, unless otherwise indicated by the context. God does
not create by evolution, for it can only develop what already exists.
This book is divided into three parts: In Part One, material
evolution, especially the evolution of the human body, is
disproved. In Part Two, the alleged proofs of evolution are examined
and refuted. In Part Three, the evolution of the soul is shown to be
impossible.
There are in all fifty numbered arguments, including answers to the
arguments of evolutionists.
PART ONE
THE EVOLUTION OF THE HUMAN BODY MATHEMATICALLY DISPROVED
Any scientific theory or hypothesis must be proved first possible,
then probable, then certain. To be a possible theory, it must be
reconcilable with many facts; to be a probable theory, it must be
reconcilable with many more; to be a certain and proven theory, it
must be reconcilable with _all_ the facts. Whenever it is
irreconcilable with _any_ fact, it should be rejected, as it can
not be a true theory. Every true theory passes through these three
stages,--possibility, probability, and certainty. A theory is not
science, until it is certainly true, and so becomes knowledge. The
evolution of man from the brute is in the throes of a desperate
struggle to show that it may possibly be a true theory or
hypothesis. Yet some who are ready to admit that they are
"scientists," claim evolution a proven theory.
If it can be shown possible for man to have descended or ascended from
the lower animals, it will require enormous additional evidence to
show that such descent is probable; and still much more to make it
certain.
Every scientific theory, proposed as _possible_, is reconcilable
with some facts. Otherwise, it would not have been considered for a
moment. Many false hypotheses have been proposed, and accepted as
possible and even probable, because reconcilable with some facts. The
Ptolemaic theory of the universe, making the earth the centre, around
which the heavens revolved in great concentric spheres, was accepted
for 1400 years from A. D. 140, because it explained many things. It
corresponded with appearances. It appealed to all. Its advocates had
great difficulty in reconciling it with the motions of the planets,
which were therefore called planets or "wanderers." But in time the
Copernican theory prevailed, because it was reconcilable with all the
facts. The evidence is so abundant that all claim it the true
theory. It is science. It is knowledge.
Because the Copernican hypothesis, the true theory of the universe,
was opposed and rejected, it does not follow that the evolution of man
is true because it is likewise opposed and rejected. If this new
theory, hypothesis, or guess stands, it can only do so, because it
harmonizes with all the facts. The law of gravitation, and every other
proven theory harmonizes with all the facts and with all other true
theories.
It will be shown in this book, that a large number of facts can not be
reconciled with evolution, especially the evolution of man, thus
proving that it can not be a true theory. We really have a right to
demand the proof of a theory, and to refuse consent until
proved. While we are under no obligation to _disprove_ an
unproven theory, yet it is the shortest way to settle the matter once
for all, before it has led multitudes more astray, and wrecked the
faith and hopes of the young.
Prof. H. H. Newman, in his "Readings in Evolution," p. 57, says,
"Reluctant as we may be to admit it, honesty compels the evolutionist
to admit that there is no absolute proof of organic evolution." "If
all the facts are in accord with it, and none are found that are
incapable of being reconciled with it, a working hypothesis is said to
have been advanced to a proven theory." Note this admission by a
leading evolutionist.
Even if it should ever be proved that all plant and animal life came
by evolution from one primordial germ, it would not follow that either
the body or the soul of man came by evolution. All the arguments
against evolution in general are valid against the evolution of man.
In addition, there are many other arguments, that prove the evolution
of man impossible, even if the evolution of plants and animals should
ever be proved possible.
In this volume, the claim is made that the evolution of man is
irreconcilable with a large number of facts. If investigation proves
that we have erred in any statement of facts, or if our reasoning in
any one argument or more is fallacious, we will not lose our case, as
long as evolution remains irreconcilable with any other single
fact. If every argument in this book were invalid, save one, that one
valid argument would overthrow evolution, since every true theory must
be reconcilable with all the facts. One irreconcilable fact is
sufficient to overthrow evolution. And there are many!
THE UNITY OF THE HUMAN RACE
The evolution of man is not only a guess, but a very wild one; and it
is totally unsupported by any convincing arguments. It can be
mathematically demonstrated to be an impossible theory. Every proof of
the unity of the human race in the days of Adam or Noah shatters the
theory of the evolution of man. If the evolution of the human race be
true, there must have been, hundreds of thousands of years ago, a
great multitude of heads of the race, in many parts of the earth,
without one common language or religion. The present population of the
globe proves that mankind must have descended from one pair who lived
not earlier than the time of Noah. The unity of languages also proves
one common head about the same time. Certain beliefs and customs,
common to various religions, point to one original God-given religion
in historic time, in contrast to the evolution idea of many religions
invented by ape-men in millions of years. The history of the world and
the migration of nations point to one locality where the human race
began in times not more remote, and show that man was created in a
civilized state, and, therefore, never was a brute. If evolution were
true, there would have been many billion times as many human beings as
now exist, a great multitude of invented languages with little or no
similarity, a vast number of invented religions with little, if
anything, in common. Even the sciences invented and exploited by
evolutionists, the Mendelian Inheritance Law and Biometry, also prove
evolution impossible.
The unity of mankind is also conclusively shown by the fact that all
races interbreed, the most certain test of every species.
All these facts pointing to the unity of the race in the days of Noah
and of Adam are irreconcilable with the theory of evolution which
denies that unity within the last two million years.
We shall present these arguments more in detail. The arguments
immediately following, especially the first eight, show the unity of
the human race in the days of Noah, and thus present insuperable
objections to evolution, and confirm the story of man's creation and
his destruction by the flood. The following is the first of fifty
Arguments against the evolution of man.
1. THE POPULATION OF THE WORLD
The population of the world, based upon the Berlin census reports of
1922, was found to be 1,804,187,000. The human race must double
itself 30.75 times to make this number. This result may be
approximately ascertained by the following computation:--
At the beginning of the first period of doubling there would just be
two human beings; the second, 4; the third, 8; the fourth, 16; the
tenth, 1024; the twentieth, 1,048,576, the thirtieth, 1,073,741,824;
and the thirty-first, 2,147,483,648. In other words, if we raise two
to the thirtieth power, we have 1,073,741,824; or to the thirty-first
power, 2,147,483,648. Therefore, it is evident even to the school boy,
that, to have the present population of the globe, the net population
must be doubled more than thirty times and less than thirty-one
times. By logarithms, we find it to be 30.75 times. After all
allowances are made for natural deaths, wars, catastrophes, and losses
of all kinds, if the human race would double its numbers 30.75 times,
we would have the present population of the globe.
Now, according to the chronology of Hales, based on the Septuagint
text, 5077 years have elapsed since the flood, and 5177 years since
the ancestors of mankind numbered only two, Noah and his wife. By
dividing 5177 by 30.75, we find it requires an average of 168.3 years
for the human race to double its numbers, in order to make the present
population. This is a reasonable average length of time.
Moreover, it is singularly confirmed by the number of Jews, or
descendants of Jacob. According to Hales, 3850 years have passed since
the marriage of Jacob. By the same method of calculation as above, the
Jews, who, according to the Jewish yearbook for 1922, number
15,393,815, must have doubled their numbers 23.8758 times, or once
every 161.251 years. The whole human race, therefore, on an average
has doubled its numbers every 168.3 years; and the Jews, every 161.251
years. What a marvelous agreement! We would not expect the figures to
be exactly the same nor be greatly surprised if one period were twice
the other. But their correspondence singularly corroborates the age of
the human race and of the Jewish people, as gleaned from the word of
God by the most proficient chronologists. If the human race is
2,000,000 years old, the period of doubling would be 65,040 years, or
402 times that of the Jews, which, of course, is unthinkable.
While the period of doubling may vary slightly in different ages, yet
there are few things so stable and certain as general average, where
large numbers and many years are considered, as in the present
case. No life insurance company, acting on general average statistics,
ever failed on that account. The Jews and the whole human race have
lived together the same thirty-eight centuries with very little
intermarriage, and are affected by similar advantages and
disadvantages, making the comparison remarkably fair.
Also, the 25,000,000 descendants of Abraham must have doubled their
numbers every 162.275 years, during the 3,988 years since the birth of
his son Ishmael. These periods of doubling which tally so closely,
168.3 years for the whole race, 161.251 for the Jews, and 162.275
years for the descendants of Abraham, cannot be a mere coincidence,
but are a demonstration against the great age of man required by
evolution, and in favor of the 5,177 years since Noah. None of the
other various chronologies would make any material difference in these
calculations. The correspondence of these figures, 168.3, 161.251 and
162.275 is so remarkable that it must bring the conviction to every
serious student that the flood destroyed mankind and Noah became the
head of the race.
Now the evolutionists claim that the human race is 2,000,000 years
old. There is no good reason for believing that, during all these
years the developing dominant species would not increase as rapidly as
the Jews, or the human race in historic times, especially since the
restraints of civilization and marriage did not exist. But let us
generously suppose that these remote ancestors, beginning with one
pair, doubled their numbers in 1612.51 years, one-tenth as rapidly as
the Jews, or 1240 times in 2,000,000 years. If we raise 2 to the
1240th power, the result is 18,932,139,737,991 with 360 figures
following. The population of the world, therefore, would have been
18,932,139,737,991 decillion, decillion, decillion, decillion,
decillion, decillion, decillion, decillion, decillion, decillion; or
18,932,139,737,991 vigintillion, vigintillion, vigintillion,
vigintillion, vigintillion, vigintillion.
Or, let us suppose that man, the dominant species, originated from a
single pair, only 100,000 years ago, the shortest period suggested by
any evolutionist (and much too short for evolution) and that the
population doubled in 1612.51 years, one-tenth the Jewish rate of net
increase, a most generous estimate. The present population of the
globe should be 4,660,210,253,138,204,300 or 2,527,570,733 for every
man, woman and child! In these calculations, we have made greater
allowances than any self-respecting evolutionist could ask without
blushing. And yet withal, it is as clear as the light of day that the
ancestors of man could not possibly have lived 2,000,000 or 1,000,000
or 100,000 years ago, or even 10,000 years ago; for if the population
had increased at the Jewish rate for 10,000 years, it would be more
than two billion times as great as it is. No guess that ever was made,
or ever can be made, much in excess of 5177 years, can possibly stand
as the age of man. The evolutionist cannot sidestep this argument by a
new guess. Q. E. D.
All these computations have been made upon the supposition that the
human race sprang from one pair. If from many in the distant past, as
the evolutionists assert, these bewildering figures must be enormously
increased.
Yet we are gravely told that evolution is "science". It is the wildest
guess ever made to support an impossible theory.
That their guesses can not possibly be correct, is proven also by
approaching the subject from another angle. If the human race is
2,000,000 years old, and must double its numbers 30.75 times to make
the present population, it is plain that each period for doubling
would be 65,040 years, since {2,000,000/30.75} = 65,040. At that rate,
there would be fewer than four Jews! If we suppose the race to have
sprung from one pair 100,000 years ago, it would take 3252 years to
double the population. At this rate, there would be five Jews!
Do we need any other demonstration that the evolution of man is an
absurdity and an impossibility? If the evolutionists endeavor to show
that man _may_ have descended from the brute, the population of
the world conclusively shows that MAN CERTAINLY DID NOT DESCEND FROM
THE BRUTE. If they ever succeed in showing that all species of animals
_may_ have been derived from one primordial germ, it is
impossible that man so came. He was created as the Bible declares, by
the Almighty Power of God.
The testimony of all the experts in the famous Scopes trial in
Tennessee (who escaped cross-examination) was to the effect that
evolution was in harmony with _some_ facts and therefore
_possibly true_. The above mathematical calculations prove that
the evolution of man was certainly not true. They fail to make their
case even if we grant their claims. These figures prove the Bible
story, and scrap every guess of the great age and the brute origin of
man. It will be observed that the above calculations point to the
unity of the race in the days of Noah, 5177 years ago, rather than in
the days of Adam 7333 years ago, according to Hales' chronology. If
the race increased at the Jewish rate, not over 16,384 perished by the
Flood, fewer than by many a modern catastrophe. This most merciful
providence of God started the race anew with a righteous head.
Now, if there had been no flood to destroy the human race, then the
descendants of Adam, in the 7333 years, would have been 16,384 times
the 1,804,187,000, or 29,559,799,808,000; or computed at the Jewish
rate of net increase for 7333 years since Adam, the population would
have been still greater, or 35,184,372,088,832. These calculations are
in perfect accord with the Scripture story of the special creation of
man, and the destruction of the race by a flood. Had it not been for
the flood, the earth could not have sustained the descendants of
Adam. Is not this a demonstration, decisive and final?
2. THE UNITY OF LANGUAGES
The unity of the languages of the world proves the recent common
origin of man. Prof. Max Muller, and other renowned linguists,
declared that all languages are derived from one. This is abundantly
proven by the similarity of roots and words, the grammatical
construction and accidents, the correspondence in the order of their
alphabets, etc. The words for father and mother similar in form, for
example, are found in many languages in all the five great groups, the
Aryan, the Semitic, the Hamitic the Turanian and Chinese groups,
showing a common original language and proving the early existence of
the home and civilization. The similarity of these and many other
words in all of the great Aryan or Indo-European family of languages,
spoken in all continents is common knowledge. Lord Avebury names 85
Hamitic languages in Africa in which the names of father and mother
are similar; 29 non-Aryan languages in Asia and Europe, including
Turkish, Thibetan, and many of the Turanian and Chinese groups; 5 in
New Zealand and other Islands; 8 in Australia; and 20 spoken by
American Indians. The French, Italian, Spanish and Portuguese are
daughters of the Latin; Latin is a daughter of the Aryan; and the
Aryan, together with the other sister languages is, no doubt, the
daughter of the original language spoken by Noah and his immediate
descendants. There can not well be more than 4 generations of
languages, and the time since Noah is sufficient for the development
of the 1000 languages and dialects. The American Indians have
developed about 200 in 3,000 or 4,000 years. The life of a language
roughly speaking, seems to range from 1000 to 3,000 years. The time
since Noah is sufficient for the development of all the languages of
the world. But if man has existed for 2,000,000 or 1,000,000 years,
with a brain capacity ranging from 96% to normal, there would have
been multiplied thousands of languages bearing little or no
resemblance. There is not a trace of all these languages. They were
never spoken because no one lived to speak them.
Many linguists insist that the original language of mankind consisted
of a few short words, possibly not over 200, since many now use only
about 300. The Hebrew has only about 500 root words of 3 letters; the
stagnant Chinese, 450; the Sanscrit, about the same. All the Semitic
languages have tri-literal roots. As the tendency of all languages is
to grow in the number and length of words, these consisting of a few
small words must have been close to the original mother tongue. No
language could have come down from the great antiquity required by
evolution and have so few words. Johnson's Eng. Dictionary had 58,000
words; modern Dictionaries over 300,000. The evidence points to the
origin and unity of languages in the days of Noah, and proves the
great antiquity of man an impossibility and his evolution a pitiful
absurdity.
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