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Annual Bibliography of Commonwealth Literature 2007
This paper argues that discourses of love in Ghanaian market literature for youth offer a view into complex negotiations of agency and empowerment. Drawing on Deborah Durham's notion of youth as "social `shifters'" and Francis Nyamnjoh's conception of the "interconnectedness" of agency, I take Ghanaian market literature as one specific case of how African literature for youth foregrounds questions of continuity and change as African societies enter into increasingly complex global relations. In this literature for youth, received notions of love, often constructed out of impressions from American pop and hip hop music, carry new notions of agency that compete with existing "domesticated" forms. Authors like Ike Tandoh and Evelyn Tay employ discourses of love to offer youth alternative avenues for empowerment in a context of socio-economic disenfranchizement. In a creative process of "straddling", this writing both reveals and reproduces the contradictions that obtain in youth configurations of agency.

The Wonder Island Boys: Exploring the Island

R >> Roger Thompson Finlay >> The Wonder Island Boys: Exploring the Island

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Bacteria. A microscopic microbe, very minute, widely
distributed in all matter.

Base Line. A term used to designate a starting point for
surveyors, or for builders in laying out work.

Battery. Usually applied to a series of cells for generating
or storing electricity.

Bleaching. The process for whitening any substance, either by
the action of the sun or by chemicals.

Bovine. Pertaining to the common cow species.

Calisaya. A weed which has a bitter principle from which a
variety of quinine is extracted.

Camphor. A white, volatile, tough, gum-like, translucent
substance, with a peculiar pungent taste and smell.

Carbon. One of the four principal elements. Coke; charcoal.

Carbonic acid. A heavy, colorless, incombustible gas.

Carbonize. To put in the form of a coke or charcoal.

Ceremonies. A formal act, rite, or observance, either religious
or otherwise.

Charcoal. Wood from which the lighter or more volatile gases
have been abstracted by heat.

Charged. Referring to a battery, or cell, which has been
supplied with liquid; or anything filled with
material.

Chicory. A product, used as a substitute for or an adulterant
of coffee, containing a bitter principle, and made
from the root of the endive and other similar
plants.

Circuiting. The term applied to the wiring of a battery or other
electrical apparatus.

Clarified. Liquid which has been relieved of floating matter.

Coke. Coal from which the most volatile gases have been
taken by heat.

Conspicuous. Very plain; easily observed.

Cortege. A train of equipages at a funeral.

Contracted. Something brought down, or compressed into a smaller
bulk.

Coagulated. Changing the form of solid matter in liquids.

Comprises. That of which any article is made up.

Conclusive. A finality; the end.

Constipated. A morbid condition of the bowels.

Concerted. Acting together, or in unison.

Contingency. The awaiting of an event; in the event of.

Corrosive. The action, usually of an acid, like rust.

Complicated. Mixed up; difficult to understand.

Compressible. That which may be put into a smaller compass.

Coincidence. One fact happening with another, or at the same
time.

Commotion. In an uproar; not in order.

Compound. Made up of two or more substances.

Crenate. Scalloped or toothed by even, rounded notches.

Crenelated. Furnished with flutes and indentations.

Crucible. A receptacle for melting ores and the like.

Critically. In a low state; very ill; the danger point.

Crater. An open cavity of a volcano.

Crystal. Glass; transparent substances which are rigid.

Cubic. A body having six sides.

Curtailed. Cut off; only a part of.

Dentate. Tooth-like; made somewhat in the form of a tooth.

Density. The substance; the body, or the weight.

Dehaired. Material, like hides, from which the hair has been
removed.

Debris. Accumulation of material.

Devoid. Left without; having nothing.

Devious. In a roundabout way.

Delicacies. Anything which is a luxury; that tastes well.

Decreasing. Growing less.

Dejection. Downcast; not happy.

Discrimination. Capacity to judge; to be able to pick out; to act
well.

Discomfiture. Routed; disappointment; defeat.

Distracting. To turn aside for something claiming attention.

Dissipated. To scatter or to fritter away.

Dilemma. A quandary; difficult position or thing to judge or
consider.

Diagonally. Going across corners. The longest distance across,
starting from a base.

Discordant. Not in tune; not agreeable; not in harmony with.

Disinfectant. Any substance which will destroy germs or purify
air, water, or foods.

Dross. The refuse; the impurities in a substance.

Domain. The country, nation, or the particular area or
district owned by an individual.

Dynamo. A machine for generating electricity.

Elude. To evade the search of; to avoid pursuit.

Elongated. Made longer than normally, or greater in one
direction than in another.

Enumerate. To take note of; to number.

Endive. A salad, well known here and in Europe; the root
produces the well-known chicory substance.

Enhanced. Made better; put into a more advantageous condition.

Emitted. To give out; like the rays from a light; or blown
out from the mouth or nostrils.

Escutcheon. The shield or helmet of a warrior, or the ensign of
a house or family.

Essential. The particular thing; the important element.

Essence. The extract or the principal element in a substance.

Eventually. Finally; at the last.

Evolved. Taken out of; brought forth; made from something
else.

Exhausted. Entirely removed; drawn off; reduced.

Exultant. Joyfully; rejoicing greatly.

Exerted. Making every effort; straining.

Exhilarating. A lively, pleasing or enlivening sensation.

Facility. With ease; readily accomplished.

Fantastic. A peculiar or abnormal condition.

Fermentation. A chemical condition where germs are developed and
grow in a substance and change the elements
comprising it.

Filament. A thread-like element, usually made of carbon and
employed in the exhausted electric bulb.

Fissures. The openings, cleavages, or splits in rock or other
formations.

Flail. An article formerly used for threshing out grain.

Flux. A substance used in connection with welding of
melting liquids to facilitate the process.

Formation. The term applied to the manner in which rock, ores,
or other geological substances are united or
arranged.

Frantically. Excessive excitement from anger or otherwise.

Friction. The rubbing together of substances. Contact.

Fulcrum. The pivotal point.

Fused. Melting of ores or metals.

Gaseous. Any substance which is neither a solid nor a liquid.

Gelatin. A transparent, tasteless substance obtained from
animal tissue.

Generated. To evolve from; to make; to originate.

Gesticulation. The making of motions, especially when excited.

Germs. An original element; the first form.

Geological. That which pertains to the study of the structure of
the earth.

Glutin. Similar to gelatin; the nutritious element of wheat.

Glaize. The coating of a hard, flint-like film on pottery.

Gravity. The attraction of mass for mass.

Halliards. The ropes for holding a flag or banner.

Harmonize. To be brought into unison with.

Horizon. The point where the earth and sky meet.

Horizontal. Level. The surface of water is horizontal.

Hysterically. An uncontrollable laughter.

Identically. The same; similar to.

Illuminating. To light up; to make brighter.

Immoderately. More than usual; beyond the ordinary.

Immemorial. From very ancient times.

Imperfect. Not in the best condition.

Impetuous. Hastily; without considering consequences.

Impulse. A sudden mental motion or feeling.

Insecurity. Not sure of safety.

Intervening. Placed between; something between.

Instrumentality. By the agency of; by means of which it is
accomplished.

Insidious. Doing or planning a thing without the knowledge of
the victim.

Intact. Unbroken; whole; in good condition.

Instinct. A knowledge which comes from the internal senses.

Interval. Not continuous; having spaces or periods between.

Indented. To cut into or to notch.

Intimately. Closely associated; friendly.

Irrigating. To cover the ground with moisture by artificial
methods.

Infectious. Transmitting diseases by passing from one to
another; catching.

Identified. Pointed out; knowledge from some mark or otherwise.

Incandescent. Heated up so that it has illuminating qualities.

Innumerable. Without number. A large quantity; a great many.

Lavished. Given out without stint; liberal.

Laboratory. A workshop; a testing room; experimental works.

Leavened. The term used to indicate the raising of dough.

Lentils. A kind of greens, largely used in Europe.

Lumbering. Clumsily; huge; encumbered by bulk.

Ludicrous. Amusing; calculated to amuse.

Luxuries. Extravagant indulgences in pleasures.

Mineralogical. Pertaining to mines, ores, and similar arts.

Manifest. Made known; acknowledged; understood.

Neutralize. Made unlike either; the effect of uniting an acid
and an alkali.

Nitrogen. One of the four principal elements. The lightest of
all substances.

Nutrition. Food; the substance which is required for the
sustenance of plants or animals.

Observant. Noticing; seeing; taking note of.

Obstructions. In the way of; impediments.

Octave. Composed of eight. A musical measure or scale.

Odor. The quality in a substance which renders its
presence known by the smell.

Ominous. Of the nature of or marked by some omen.

Orifice. A hole; an opening.

Organisms. A body or substance that is in a proper condition
for growth or development.

Oxygen. One of the four principal elements. One-fifth of
air and one-third of water is oxygen.

Paralysis. Loss of ability to control muscular motion.

Parlance. A mode of speech; a phrase; a particular sentence.

Perceived. Noticed; observed.

Perplexity. Puzzling; distracted.

Petals. One of the leaves, or the subordinate part of the
leaf.

Persistent. Firm and resolved.

Pelts. The skin of an animal with the hair on.

Perspective. The art or theory of representing a drawing made on
a flat surface so that it will appear as not lying
in that surface.

Perceptible. Noticeable; able to be seen.

Perennial. Not planted each year. Wheat is sown each year.
An apple tree grows on from year to year.

Permanence. Something that keeps on or continues.

Pitch. The inclination, as the roof of a house; a high or a
low musical tone.

Plateau. A rather level elevated portion of ground.

Plausible. Appearing to be true; likelihood.

Philosopher. One who seeks first truths; the underlying
principles.

Phosphorus. A non-metallic element which readily absorbs oxygen
from the air, and exhibits a glow by slow
combustion.

Port. A haven. A home for a ship.

Potter's Wheel. A horizontal wheel revolving on a vertical spindle
on which pottery forms are made.

Primary. First. Applied to a form of electric battery which
generates a current by means of metals and liquids.

Precipitate. Throwing down, as applied to chemistry; causing the
solid matter in a liquid to go to the bottom.

Prudence. Care; caution; ability to look out for the future.

Prosperity. Success in business; doing well.

Precede. To go before; the one ahead.

Primitive. The first way of doing things; the original plan or
method.

Precaution. Taking care; going slowly and with caution.

Propagate. To bring to a better condition or state. Making an
improved breed or type from plants or animals.

Projecting. Throwing or casting a shadow.

Proximity. Close to; in the neighborhood.

Phenomenon. Any new development; a startling sight; a natural
occurrence out of the ordinary.

Puncture. To cut; to open; to tear.

Pyramid. A solid with a broad base and a top with an apex.

Quartz. The hardest of the common minerals. A common rock.

Rabies. A disease the germs of which are carried by animals
when in a certain diseased condition.

Ramie. A very important fibrous plant; for making rope and
many articles of fabric.

Retort. A heated furnace for the melting of ores and metals.

Rejoinder. An answer; a reply.

Relative. In comparison with; proportionally.

Registered. Taking note of; to keep account of.

Replenished. Taking new supply; a new helping.

Restrained. To hold back; to prevent.

Reservoir. A tank or vessel to hold liquids or other matter.

Reassuring. To restore boldness or courage; to make certain.

Reconciled. To bring content and to restore confidence.

Regulation. In accordance with some law or order established.

Reagent. A substance used chemically which will have an
action on one or more substances in the sample
treated.

Relaxation. A change from the ordinary routine.

Sanitary. Healthful; in a condition to preserve health.

Sarcophagus. A stone burial place, carved out of rock.

Scientific. That which has a reason and a knowledge for each
step.

Serviceable. That which is of use; advantageous.

Seismograph. An instrument by means of which shocks in the
movement of the earth's crust may be registered.

Septic. Any substance that promotes putrefaction.

Sewage. The waste matter carried off from cities by the
drains.

Serrate. Formed with saw-teeth.

Sentimental. Involving or exciting the feelings or tender
emotions.

Sequence. That which follows.

Shuffling. Awkward or clumsy movements.

Shambled. A shuffling gait, allied to clumsy movements.

Solution. To make out a problem; in chemistry, the unity of
two or more elements which will mix.

Speculative. Opposed to practical or experimental; taking a risk.

Specter. A ghost; an apparition; a vision.

Sulphurous. From sulphur; having the qualities of sulphur.

Stimulating. To rouse to activity or action.

Sutures. The saw-teeth united portions of the skull.

Substitute. Taken for or instead of something else.

Subsided. Going down; quieted.

Subterranean. Beneath the sea; below the waves.

Sulphate. Sulphur united with any alkali to form a salt.

Symptoms. Indications; the appearances which indicate certain
diseases.

Technically. Specially pertaining to some formal training in art,
science or manufacture.

Theoretically. Pertaining to knowledge which is not exact, but in
the nature of speculation.

Torso. The body, devoid of its limbs; the trunk.

Translucent. Capable of permitting light to pass through, but
through which vision cannot pass.

Transparent. Any substance through which the eye can see.

Transversely. Across, at right angles. In the direction of the
narrow way.

Transporting. Carrying; taking from place to place.

Theorist. One who speculates; one who tries to arrange facts
to harmonize.

Triangular. Bounded by three sides, and which has three points.

Tubular. Like a pipe; a body with a hole through it.

Typical. A sample; a pattern; an emblem.

Utilize. To take advantage of; to turn to practical account.

Undeveloped. Not fully grown; not developed.

Unobtrusive. Not willingly thrust forward.

Vacuum. A space entirely devoid of matter.

Vanquished. Overcome; subdued.

Vestige. A visible trace, mark or impression.

Versed. Knowledge in a certain direction.

Vibration. Moving to and fro; a regular movement.

Veteran. One long trained in any service.

Voluntarily. Done of free will.

Vitrify. Converted into glass, wholly or in part.

Weird. Superstitious; uncanny; unearthly.




* * * * *




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Exploring the Island

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The Campfire and Trail Series

By LAWRENCE J. LESLIE


A series of wholesome stories for boys told in an interesting way and
appealing to their love of the open

1. In Camp on the Big Sunflower

2. The Rivals of the Trail

3. The Strange Cabin on Catamount Island

4. Lost in the Great Dismal Swamp

5. With Trapper Jim in the North Woods

6. Caught in a Forest Fire.




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