Elements of Structural and Systematic Botany

D >> Douglas Houghton Campbell >> Elements of Structural and Systematic Botany

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Spore-fruit, 51, 66, 69, 70, 73, 83.

Spore-sac. See "Ascus."

Sporocarp. See "Spore-fruit."

Sporogonium, 87, 90, 102, 123.

Sporophyll, 128, 131, 148.

Sporophyte, 109.

Spring-beauty, 185; Fig. 98.

Spruce, 142.

Spurge. See "_Euphorbia_."

Squash, 221.

Staining agents, 4, 231, 233.

Stamen, 128, 143, 148, 174, 179.

Standard, 207.

_Staphylea_. See "Bladder-nut."

Starch, 31, 95, 152.

_Statice_. See "Sea-rosemary."

_Stellaria_. See "Chick-weed."

_Stemonitis_, 13; Fig. 5.

_Sticta_, 75; Fig. 45.

_Stigeoclonium_, 26; Fig. 14.

Stigma, 145, 148, 175, 179.

St. John's-wort, 195; Fig. 105.

Stock, 192.

Stoma. See "Breathing-pore."

Stonecrop, 202; Fig. 113.

Stone-fruit, 206.

Stone-wort. See "_Characeae_."

Stony-tissue, 110.

Stramonium, 215.

Strawberry, 171, 202, 206; Fig. 113.

Style, 148, 175, 179.

_Stylophorum_, 187; Fig. 103.

Sugar, 8, 145.

Sulphur, 2.

Sumach, 198; Fig. 108.

Sun-dew, 192, 193; Fig. 104.

Sunflower, 224.

Suspensor, 180.

Sweet-flag, 157.

Sweet-potato, 214.

Sweet-scented shrub. See "_Calycanthus_."

Sweet-william, 185.

Sycamore, 183.

_Sympetalae_, 210.

_Symphoricarpus_. See "Snowberry."

_Symplocarpus_. See "Skunk-cabbage."

Synergidae, 144.

_Syringa_, 199; Fig. 111. See also "Lilac."

Tamarack, 142.

Tap-root, 131, 173.

_Taraxacum_. See "Dandelion."

_Taxodium_. See "Cypress."

_Taxus_. See "Yew."

Teasel, 224; Fig. 124.

_Tecoma_. See "Trumpet-creeper."

Teleuto-spore, 80, 81.

Tendril, 171.

_Terebinthinae_, 198.

Tetraspore, 51, 52.

Thistle, 173, 223; Fig. 125.

Thorn, 172.

Thyme, 215.

_Thymeleaceae_, 206.

_Thymelinae_, 206.

_Tilia_, _-aceae_. See "Linden."

_Tillandsia_, 156; Fig. 84.

Tissue, 8.

Tissue system, 115.

Toadstool, 82.

Tobacco, 215.

_Tolypella_, 40.

Tomato, 215.

Touch-me-not. See "Jewel-weed."

Tracheary tissue, 110, 121, 177.

Tracheid, 110, 138.

_Tradescantia_. See "Spiderwort."

Trailing arbutus, 211.

_Tremella_, 81; Fig. 51.

_Trichia_, 13, 14; Fig. 5.

Trichogyne, 51.

_Tricoccae_, 199.

_Triglochin_. See "Arrow-grass."

_Trillium_, 146, 154, 155; Fig. 83.

_Triphragmium_, 81.

_Tropaeolum_. See "Nasturtium."

Trumpet-creeper.

Tuber, 120, 153, 172.

_Tubiflorae_, 213.

Tulip, 146.

Tulip-tree, 187; Fig. 100.

Turnip, 192.

Twin-leaf, 187; Fig. 101.

_Typha_, _-aceae_. See "Cat-tail."

_Ulmaceae_. See "Elm."

_Ulva_. See "Sea-lettuce."

_Umbelliferae_. See "Umbel-wort."

Umbel-wort, 202.

_Umbelliflorae_, 202.

_Uredineae_, 77.

_Uromyces_, 81; Fig. 47.

_Urticinae_, 183.

_Usnea_, 75; Fig. 45.

_Ustillagineae_. See "Smut."

_Ustillago_, 65; Fig. 38.

_Utricularia_. See "Bladder-weed."

_Uvularia_. See "Bellwort."

_Vaccinium_. See "Cranberry."

Vacuole, 8.

Valerian, 224; Fig. 124.

_Valeriana_, _-eae_. See "Valerian."

_Vallisneria_. See "Eel-grass."

_Vanilla_, 166.

_Vaucheria_, 34-37; Figs. 21, 22.
structure of plant, 35.
_racemosa_, 35.
non-sexual reproduction, 36.
sexual organs, 36.
fertilization, 36.
resting spores, 37.

Venus's fly-trap, 192.

_Verbascum_. See "Mullein."

_Verbena_, _-aceae_, 218; Fig. 121.

_Veronica_, 217; Fig. 120.

Vervain. See "_Verbena_."

Vessel, 121, 135, 150, 175, 177.

_Viburnum_, 223; Fig. 124.

_Victoria regia_, 190.

_Vinca_. See "Periwinkle."

Vine, 199.

Violet, 192; Fig. 104.

_Viola_, _-aceae_. See "Violet."

Virginia creeper, 171, 199.

_Vitis_. See "Grape."

_Vitaceae_. See "Vine."

_Volvox_, 12, 20; Fig. 10.

_Volvocineae_, 12, 19.

Wall-flower, 192.

Walnut, 183.

Wandering-Jew, 157.

Water fern, 117.

Water-leaf, 214; Fig. 118.

Water-lily. See "_Nymphaea_," "_Castalia_."

Water-milfoil, 206; Fig. 113.

Water mould. See "_Saprolegnia_."

Water net, 24; Fig. 11.

Water-plantain, 167.

Water-shield, 190.

Water-starwort, 200.

Wax-plant, 220.

Wheat, 78.

Wheat rust, 78, 81; Fig. 47.

_Whitlavia_, 214.

Wild ginger, 224; Fig. 126.

Wild onion, 230.

Wild parsnip, 202.

Willow, 181-183; Fig. 96.

Willow-herb, 206, 226; Fig. 113.

Wing (of papilionaceous flower), 208.

Wintergreen, 211.

_Wolffia_, 159.

Wood. See "Xylem."

Wood-sorrel, 197; Fig. 107.

Xylem, 110, 124, 135, 150, 173, 176.

Yam, 154.

Yeast, 63, 64; Fig. 37.
cause of fermentation, 63.
reproduction, 64.
systematic position, 64.

Yew, 141.

_Yucca_, 153.

_Zanthoxylum_. See "Prickly ash."

_Zingiber_, _-aceae_. See "Ginger."

Zooelogy, 2.

Zooespore, 25, 37, 58, 62.

_Zygnema_, 33; Fig. 19.

Zygomorphy, Zygomorphic, 164, 215, 226.

NATURAL SCIENCE.

_Elements of Physics._

A Text-book for High Schools and Academies. By ALFRED P. GAGE, A.M.,
Instructor in Physics in the English High School, Boston. 12mo.
424 pages. Mailing Price, $1.25; Introduction, $1.12; Allowance for
old book, 35 cents.

This treatise is based upon _the doctrine of the conservation of
energy_, which is made prominent throughout the work. But the leading
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leads the pupil to "read nature in the language of experiment." So far
as practicable, the following plan is adopted: The pupil is expected
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investigation. He himself performs the larger portion of the
experiments with _simple_ and _inexpensive_ apparatus, such as, in a
majority of cases, is in his power to construct with the aid of
directions given in the book. The experiments given are rather of the
nature of _questions_ than of illustrations, and _precede_ the
statements of principles and laws. Definitions and laws are not given
until the pupil has acquired a knowledge of his subject sufficient to
enable him to construct them for himself. The aim of the book is to
lead the pupil _to observe and to think_.

C. F. EMERSON, _Prof. of Physics, Dartmouth College_: It takes up the
subject on the right plan, and presents it in a clear, yet scientific,
way.

WM. NOETLING, _Prof. of Rhetoric, Theory and Practice of Teaching,
State Normal School, Bloomsburg, Pa._: Every page of the book shows
that the author is a _real_ teacher and that he knows how to make
pupils think. I know of no other work on the subject of which this
treats that I can so unreservedly recommend to all wide-awake teachers
as this.

B. F. WRIGHT, _Supt. of Public Schools, St. Paul, Minn._: I like it
better than any text-book on physics I have seen.

O. H. ROBERTS, _Prin. of High School, San Jose, Cal._: Gage's Physics
is giving great satisfaction.

_Introduction to Physical Science._

By A. P. GAGE, Instructor in Physics in the English High School,
Boston, Mass., and Author of _Elements of Physics_, etc. 12mo.
Cloth. viii + 353 pages. With a chart of colors and spectra. Mailing
Price, $1.10; for introduction, $1.00; allowance for an old book in
exchange, 30 cents.

The great and constantly increasing popularity of Gage's _Elements of
Physics_ has created a demand for an equally good but easier book, on
the same plan, suitable for schools that can give but a limited time
to the study. The _Introduction to Physical Science_ has been prepared
to supply this demand.

ACCURACY is the prime requisite in scientific text-books. A false
statement is not less false because it is plausible, nor an
inconclusive experiment more satisfactory because it is diverting. In
books of entertainment, such things may be permissible; but in a
text-book, the first essentials are correctness and accuracy. It is
believed that the _Introduction_ will stand the closest expert
scrutiny. Especial care has been taken to restrict the use of
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present knowledge.

In INTEREST AND AVAILABILITY the _Introduction_ will, it is believed,
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was possible. The style will be found suited to the grades that will
use the book. The experiments are varied, interesting, clear, and of
practical significance, as well as simple in manipulation and ample in
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the pressure of gases and the polarization of light. The
_Introduction_ is even more fully illustrated than the _Elements_.

IN GENERAL. The _Introduction_, like the _Elements_, has this distinct
and distinctive aim,--to elucidate science, instead of "popularizing"
it; to make it liked for its own sake, rather than for its gilding and
coating; and, while teaching the facts, to impart the spirit of
science,--that is to say, the spirit of our civilization and progress.

GEORGE E. GAY, _Prin. of High School, Malden, Mass._: With the matter,
both the topics and their presentation, I am better pleased than with
any other Physics I have seen.

R. H. PERKINS, _Supt. of Schools, Chicopee, Mass._: I have no doubt we
can adopt it as early as next month, and use the same to great
advantage in our schools. (_Feb. 6, 1888._)

MARY E. HILL, _Teacher of Physics, Northfield Seminary, Mass._: I like
the truly scientific method and the clearness with which the subject
is presented. It seems to me admirably adapted to the grade of work
for which it is designed. (_Mar. 5, '88._)

JOHN PICKARD, _Prin. of Portsmouth High School, N.H._: I like it
exceedingly. It is clear, straightforward, practical, and not too
heavy.

EZRA BRAINERD, _Pres. and Prof. of Physics, Middlebury College, Vt._:
I have looked it over carefully, and regard it as a much better book
for high schools than the former work. (_Feb. 6, 1888._)

JAMES A. DE BOER, _Prin. of High School, Montpelier, Vt._: I have not
only examined, but studied it, and consider it superior as a text-book
to any other I have seen. (_Feb. 10, '88._)

E. B. ROSA, _Teacher of Physics, English and Classical School,
Providence, R.I._: I think it the best thing in that grade published,
and intend to use it another year. (_Feb. 23, '88._)

G. H. PATTERSON, _Prin. and Prof. of Physics, Berkeley Sch.,
Providence, R.I._: A very practical book by a practical teacher.
(_Feb. 2, 1888._)

GEORGE E. BEERS, _Prin. of Evening High School, Bridgeport, Conn._:
The more I see of Professor Gage's books, the better I like them. They
are popular, and at the same time scientific, plain and simple, full
and complete. (_Feb. 18, 1888._)

ARTHUR B. CHAFFEE, _Prof. in Franklin College, Ind._: I am very much
pleased with the new book. It will suit the average class better than
the old edition.

W. D. KERLIN, _Supt. of Public Schools, New Castle, Ind._: I find that
it is the best adapted to the work which we wish to do in our high
school of any book brought to my notice.

C. A. BRYANT, _Supt. of Schools, Paris, Tex._: It is just the book for
high schools. I shall use it next year.

_Introduction to Chemical Science._

By R. P. WILLIAMS, Instructor in Chemistry in the English High
School, Boston. 12mo. Cloth. 216 pages. Mailing Price, 90 cents; for
introduction, 80 cents; Allowance for old book in exchange,
25 cents.

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H. T. FULLER, _Pres. of Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Mass._: It
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ALFRED S. ROE, _Prin. of High School, Worcester, Mass._: I am very
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G. S. FELLOWS, _Teacher of Chemistry, High School, Washington, D.C._:
The author's method seems to us the ideal one. Not only are the
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Tenn._: I am very much pleased with it, and think it will give the
student an admirable introduction to the science of chemistry.

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O. S. WESCOTT, _Prin. North Division H. Sch., Chicago_: My chemistry
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hopes we may be able to have it in future.

_Laboratory Manual of General Chemistry._

By R. P. WILLIAMS, Instructor in Chemistry, English High School,
Boston, and author of _Introduction to Chemical Science_. 12mo.
Boards. xvi + 200 pages. Mailing Price, 30 cents; for Introduction,
25 cents.

This Manual, prepared especially to accompany the author's
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the more important experiments in general chemistry and metal
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chemicals, etc.

The Manual is commended as well-designed, simple, convenient, and
cheap,--a practical book that classes in chemistry need.

W. M. STINE, _Prof. of Chemistry, Ohio University, Athens, O._: It is
a work that has my heartiest endorsement. I consider it thoroughly
pedagogical in its principles, and its use must certainly give the
student the greatest benefit from his chemical drill. (_Dec. 30,
1888._)

_Young's General Astronomy._

A Text-book for colleges and technical schools. By CHARLES A. YOUNG,
Ph.D., LL.D., Professor of Astronomy in the College of New Jersey,
and author of _The Sun_, etc. 8vo. viii + 551 pages. Half-morocco.
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The OBJECT of the author has been twofold. First and chiefly, to make
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The METHOD of treatment corresponds with the object of the book.
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In AMOUNT, the work has been adjusted as closely as possible to the
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NEW TOPICS, as indicated above, have received a full share of
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The book will be found especially well adapted for high school and
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the publishers to present the work with the highest confidence; and
this confidence has been fully justified by the event. More than one
hundred colleges adopted the work within a year from its publication.

_Young's Elements of Astronomy._

A Text-Book for use in High Schools and Academies. With a
Uranography. By CHARLES A. YOUNG, Ph.D., LL.D., Professor of
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This volume is a new work, and not a mere abridgment of the author's
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Special attention has been paid to making all statements correct and
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In the text no mathematics higher than elementary algebra and geometry
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_Plant Organization._

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_A Primer of Botany._

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